![]() ![]() 10 The pulses generated by traditional SCS may create paresthesias that overlap in the region of pain. ![]() 10,11 Patients first undergo a SCS trial by placing electrodes in the epidural space with a temporary external power source to determine if the patient achieves relief. Spinal cord stimulator (SCS) is a Federal Drug Administration-approved treatment modality for treating persistent pain after spinal surgery, complex regional pain syndrome, and painful diabetic neuropathy. When surgical interventions such as back surgery fail to treat the source of pain, other options can be used to treat the resulting persistent pain after spinal surgery. Depending on the cause of the low back pain, minimally to more invasive techniques are used to target the source of low back pain. 8,9 When patients fail conservative management, the decision to pursue imaging to identify a source is then undertaken. The initial treatment of low back pain is conservative pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management including, but not limited to, nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agents and physical therapy. 6,7 As the population ages, so will the overall number of sufferers of chronic low back pain and the costs associated. 5 The resulting economic burden, whether it be acute or chronic low back pain, can be quite substantial with estimates reaching well over $100 billion dollars annually not including the lost wages due to lack of productivity. 1–4 Often, the acute episode of low back pain will become chronic, lasting greater than 12 weeks. Over 80% of people will experience one or more episodes of low back pain at some point in their lives with many of these episodes self-resolving within 4-6 weeks. ![]()
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